Carbureter.



J. W. BROI'JERICK.l

UARBUBETBR. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 26, 1907.

Patented Dec. I22, 1908.

a annum-sum' 1.

' W/TNESSES ATTORNEY J. w. BRODBRICK.

GABBUBETER. KPPLIOAIION FILED FEB.26,`1007.

Patented De.22, 1908.

v 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w/TNEssEs Y /NVENTOH By v Y Afro/mfr J. W. BRODERIGK.

GARBUBETER.

APP-LIOATION FILED rnB.2e,19o1.

Patented'nw 1 908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

w wmw- ATTORNEY STATES PATENT oEEioE.

JonN w. lanoDEiucK,I oF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY.

' omonima.

Bpecioation of Letten Patent.

Patented Dec. 22, 1908.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, JOHN W. BnoDEBioK, a'lcitizen of the United States, residing at Newark, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented certain 'new and useful Im rovements in Carburaters, of which the ollowin is a specification.

My invention re ates to improvements in carbureters, such as are employed in donneetion with internal combustion engineshsing oil as fuel. Most of such carbureters heretofore commonly used are not well adapted for" using the heavier grades of asolene, kero.- sene, and heavier oils, but su stantially require'themse of the li ht oils which, when sprayed into air, even airly cold air, evapoi rate or vaporize almost instantly. Such light oils are growing scarce and high in price,

and I aim by my invention toprovide a carbureter which will use eiiiciently much heavier oils.

According to my invention, the oil or liquid fuel used is projected asa jet or vapor atomized to a condition of impalpable fineness, into a body of air to be drawn into the engine c linder; such atomization being performed by means of a .jet of air under pressure, supplied from any convenient source, such for example as a special com ressor driven by the engine to which such car ureter supplies vapor. v

As will be shown hereafter, the construction ofthe carbureter is such that not onlyIT is the oil, even if fairly heavy, atomized to impalpable fineness, but it is mixedthoroughly wit the` entering body of air. Means are provided for 'regulating the supply of air under pressure for atomizing the oil, for regulatin the supply off'oil to the atomizei', for thrott 'ng the current of mixed air and oil vapor, for preventing the action of the engine fromreactin onthe atomizerto pre' vent or interfere with eilicient atomization of the oil, and for heating the enteringair atwilflggtocause it to absorb and carry effi-- ciently the atomized oil. V

My invention consists in an v'atomizer ,ar-V ranged to discharge oil vapor into a mixingchamber and operated by compressed air; in. means for heating the air, either before mix-V ture with the atomized oil or afterward; inv means for regulating at will the rate of flow of oil, air vun er pressure, andmixed air and oil va or;'n meanspfor preventing the action o the engine from interfering with thel v action of the atomizer and in variousother;

4 features herein described and more particularly plointed out in the claims.

In t e accompanying drawings I illustrate lcertain forms of carbureters embodying my.'

invention.

In said drawings: Figure 1 shows a central vertical section lof one form of said carfbureter; Fig. 2 shows an axial section of the needle valve thereof; Fig. 8 an end view of the adjusting devicespf such needle valve; Fig. 4 a diagrammatic -view showing said carburetei` supplying gas to an engine which latter in turn, operates an'fauxiliary pump supplying air under pressure lfor the atomizer of said 'carbure/ter; Fig. 5 shows a central vertical section of an alternative forni of carbureter; and Fig. 6 shows a horizontal section of the carbureter, looking downward.

Referring rst to` Fi s. 1 to 4 inclusive, 1 designates the casing o the main section of the carbureter,

2 a mixing chamber therein, 3

an air inlet pipe, 4 a passage leading to thel I engine o r other object to which the combustible mixture'bf air and atomized oil is to -be delivered, 5 an atomizer,6 a pipe for supplying thereto the`oil to for supplying to the pressure for eifectin throttle valveof the uttery type near the outlet to chamber 2, 9 a valve controlling the supply of air under pressure through pifpe 7, 10 a valve for controlling the supply o oil to the atomizer, 11 a link operatively connectin valves 8 and 9, andv 12 a link operative y connecting valves 9 and 10';- the construction bein such that when the throttle valve is close or opened more or le'ss, as such a valve freguently is for regulatin the speed and power of the engine to whic atomizer the air under issuing from passage`141s atomize .eiec

ce at the upper end lively and proJected as a ne vapor ntothe hspace' beyond, the vineness of the spray deupon the viscosity a be atoniized, 7 a pipe -thefatomization, 8 a Y 6 said passage'l havi I ff d" other qualisaid deflector the chamber is contracted slightly, as indicated at 17, so that the` annular air envelop rising' around the oil cloud projected from -the atomizer is causedl to turn inward 4and mingle with such oil cloud; the mixing occurring .mamly' within mixing chamber, 2. In this way I produce I Within the carburetera body of air vhaving in mechanical suspension .a mist of exceedingly fine droplets o foil. Such a mixture ignites substantially as readily as a mixture f so of gas and air; .but the condition ofminute subdivision of the voil inv suspenslon 1n the /Iair favors greatly the evaporation of the' 011 to a true as before it reaches the engine cylinder, am? it is im robable that in most cases any oil, as suc c linder. It will be noted, however, that t e mixture of the oil Vapor with the air is accomplishedI without the fractional -evaporation common in many carbureters, which leads to the deposit of a portion of 4the heavier constituents of the oilused and is sene, the

Aof oilis shown rises a valve body having an in-;

- connect eo lusting said For -qu1ck ad]ustment o1 said valve, a u in 'screwln said bushing22, the thr one of the glreat obstacles to the use of keroighly volatile constituents of which are'relatively smallin amount.'

. Inorder to facilitate the abso tion ofthe' oil vapor in @the air I comnio latter, either initially, as indicated. .in Fig. 1,01' after mixture with the oil vapor as in'- dicated in Fig. 5, Fig. 1 I show for this urpose a chamber 18, attached yto airsupp y Erpe `3, in which 1s a pipe coil through whic the'engine e'xhaust,'or a portion ofit, or the Jacketwater from the engine, or s'team'or other heating fluid from any .convenient source.

The needle .valve 10 controlling the supply particularly in Figs. l24 and 3, and comp let connection 19, a discharge duct 20, a valve the same more orless,

and means for -fa g 22 into the end of the valve' body is provide saidbu'shing 'to the link 12 for operating. the v alve'; and for closer andpermanenta justment of the valve the `plu 21 screws into ea s connecting the plug #and bushin being relatively'ine' fas compared with t e threads connecting 'the bushmg'and valve body. The valve plug 21 .from the same air tank 28.A

.case of bac reaches the engine y heat the referred" to' below. In'.

maybe passed v having an arm 23 tive positions and. degree. of o veningof the variousvalves, I connect the 'nk -11 to 'the 'arm' of butterfly has a head 24 provided with notches, into which a locking sprin 25is adapted to enter to hold the plug 1n a'ustment with respect to said bushing 22.

\. In:.Fig. 4 I have shown an engine 26 tak- 1ng fuel from a carburetor such as shown in- Fig. 1, and in turn operating a compressor 27 dellvering air under pressure into a tank 2 8, from which the pipe 7 for supplying air under pressure to the atomizer. leads. As indicated in this ligure, the oil is supplied `to this atomizer'from a pressure tank 29, air .pressure above the oil being. supplied In some cases, the alternate opening and closing of the admission port or ports of the engine may cause a pulsating action in the fuel supply pipe, which possibly might in-V terfere with the atomizing of the oil in the carbureter. Therefore in such cases I provso vide a simple check valve 30 which closes in flow of gas i'n the engine sup ly pipe, but is normally kept open y the ow of gas" toward the engine. This check valve is also useful to protect the. carbureter and the explosive mixture therein in case of back lire from the en 'ne into its's'u ly pi e.

InV Figs'. 5 agnld 6 I 'illustipaite a Isimilar carb'ureter, except that a slightly different form `of atomizer 'is used the oil duct, 14A, being located at one side of the air tube, 13A, A.and turned over at the end so that its orifice isdirectly in line with the blast of airl issuin from said air tube. In this secondfform o carbureter, also, I h 'veshown4 the How of. the o il controlled by a float valve 31, as well as by a needle valve l0; the use of such float valves being common when 'the oil is drawn into the carbureter by 'avity or when the pressure under which e oil is fed to the carbureter is low. In Fi 5 .I have .also

shown the air heating devlce 18 located beyond the mixing chamber 2.,

.In .starting up the carbureter and engine, particularly in cold weather, it will freuently be desirable to heat the air initially oma source external -to vthe engine. To this end I may provide, as indicated in Fig. 4, an auxiliary air heater 32, adapted to heat the air by mean'sfof a flame. In vthe construction shown, the heater 32 has acentral'flue 33, at the bottoni of which is an' 'ordinary *atomizing burner 34; and around said flue 'is an air heating chamber 35, thev i outlet 36 of which may be connected to the .inlet pip e 3 of the carbureter, by a three-way valve 3 i In order to permit adjustment of the relasired; and vI further connect said link to the Varm of-valvel 9 by a screw-connection 38 perexten ing upward beyond the nozzles.,

mtting lengthening and shortening of said link at will.` I provide a similar screw-connection 39 in link 12, so permitting relative adjustment of the action of valves 9 and 10.

What I claim is v 1. IIn a carbureter, the combination of a tubular mixing chamber having closed sides and an openbottom, an atomizer rojecting into the mixingA chamber. upward) through said open bottom and having separate passages .with adjacent nozzles, means for supplymg fuel and air under pressure to said nozzles, and an u Wardly and outwardly Haring. protector c osed at its lower small end a ainst the outside of the atomizer and 2.V In a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, an atomizer arranged to dlscharge lnto said m1x1ng chamber, means for supplying fuel and airunder .pressure'to said atomizer, rotary valves adapted to reg- -ulatethe flow of air to said atomizer and of fuel-charged air from the carbureter, and a rod connecting saidvalves at. points radially outward from their axes of rotation.

g3. In a carbureter, the4 combination of mixing chamber, an atomizer narranged to discharge into said mixing chamber, means for supplying fuel and air under pressure to said atomizer, rotary valves adapted to regulate the flow of air to said atomizer and' of fuel-'charged air from the carburet'er, radial arms projecting from the axes of rotation of said valves, and longitudinally adjust able means connecting sald arms.

'5. Inl a carbureter, the combination of a mixing chamber, an atomizer arranged to dischar e into said mixing chamber, means for supp ying fuel and air under pressure to said atomizer, rotary valves adapted to regulate the flow of air and of fuel t`o said atomizer and of fuel-chargedail` from the carbu? reter, 4and means for operating all said lvalves together.

6. The combination of a mixing chamber havlng an outlet and an air inlet, an 'atomizer adapted to project fuel vapor into said `mixing chamber, a burner arranged to supply heated air to said air inlet of the mixing chamber, a fuel reservoir, means for supplying fuel from said reservoir to said atomizer and said burner, and means for supplying air under pressure to said atomizer and sai burner. l 1

aoHN vv. BRODERICK.v Witnesses:J i

FREDERICK GERMANN, Jr., H. M. MARBLE. 

